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NCI CANCERLIT® Search: Laryngeal Cancer - October 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Ultima Vez Modificado: 1 de octubre del 2002
- Carcinoma larynx--topographical distribution.
- The pattern of expression of Mn and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase varies among squamous cell cancers of the lung, larynx, and oral cavity.
- Analysis of local recurrence in patients with selected T1-3N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the true vocal cord managed with a platinum-based
- [A clinical study of 213 patients with laryngeal cancer]
- Complication-free laryngeal surgery after irradiation failure with prostaglandin E1 administration.
- Detection of a putative HLA-A*31012 processed (intronless) pseudogene in a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
- Interaction of human papillomavirus type 11 E7 protein with TAP-1 results in the reduction of ATP-dependent peptide transport.
- [Radionuclide and thermographic diagnosis of laryngeal tumors]
- Parastomal recurrence: a therapeutic challenge.
- Differential expression and topography of adhesion molecules in laryngeal and oropharyngeal carcinomas.
- New visualization technique with a three-dimensional video-assisted stereoendoscopic system: application of the BVHIS display method during
- [Coexistence of laryngeal cancer and laryngocele: a radiologic and pathologic evaluation]
- [Functional outcomes after supracricoid partial laryngectomy]
- [Patient selection for near-total laryngectomy and oncologic results]
- [Diagnosis and therapy of diseases of the larynx in the history of medicine. Part III. After the invention of laryngoscopy]
- Lack of expression of galectin-3 is associated with a poor outcome in node-negative patients with laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma.
- Acoustic analysis of voice quality with or without false vocal fold displacement after cordectomy.
- [Attributed risk to smoking for lung cancer, laryngeal cancer and esophageal cancer]
- [Comparison of the state of acceptance by patients after total and partial laryngectomy]
- [Timing and duration of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with laryngeal cancer]
- [Prognostic factors in laryngeal carcinoma based on clinical and pathological analysis of 344 patients treated surgically]
- [Extracapsular spread of lymph nodes as a prognostic factor in laryngeal carcinoma]
- Sharp v Port Kembla RSL Club: establishing causation of laryngeal cancer by environmental tobacco smoke.
- Audit in the management of T3 fixed-cord laryngeal cancer.
- [Therapeutic policy in stage I-II laryngeal cancer]
- [Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with histopathological correlation in laryngeal carcinomas]
- Radiation therapy for early glottic carcinoma (T1N0M0). The adverse effect of treatment interruption.
- The role of acid and alkaline reflux in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
- [Unusual benign tumors of the larynx: report of 17 cases]
- [Role of gastroesophageal reflux in precancerous conditions and in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: our experience]
- Analysis of prognostic factors for T(1)N(0)M(0) glottic cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy alone: experience of the cancer hospital of
Table of Contents
1
UI - 12148390
AU - Haque MR; Abdullah M; Alauddin M; al-Haroon A; Majed MA; Ali MS
TI -
Carcinoma larynx--topographical distribution.
SO - Mymensingh Med J 2002 Jan;11(1):15-21
AD - Faculty of Postgraduate Medicine, University of Dhaka.
One hundred and sixty subjects were included in our study, collected
from four hospitals in Dhaka City. The mean age (+/- SD) of study
subjects were 54.67 +/- 11.27 years. Out of 160 subjects 155 was males
and 5 were females, and male to female ratio was 31:1. The highest
number of study subjects was related to cultivation (40.62%). The
majority of study subjects were from the low socio-economic status
(68.72%). Carcinoma larynx is a multifactorial disease. Smoking and
chewing habit are the most important factors associated with carcinoma
larynx. Most of the male (93.12%) subjects were smoker. One hundred and
fifteen (71.87%) subjects were found chewing habit of betel leaves with
other ingredients. Hoarseness of voice was the commonest symptom 65.62%.
Regional distribution of tumour showed supraglottic carcinoma topping
the list (69.38%) followed by glottic carcinoma (30.62%) and there was
no subglottic carcinoma. Site involvement in supraglottic carcinoma was
found in combined location topping the list (89.20%). In glottic
carcinoma majority was found glottic with supraglottic extension
(65.31%). In majority cases growth were exophytic 52.50%. Palpable lymph
mode was found in 48.75% of cases. All the carcinoma of larynx was found
histologically of squamous cell type.
2
UI - 12211050
AU - Piyathilake CJ; Bell WC; Oelschlager DK; Heimburger DC; Grizzle WE
TI -
The pattern of expression of Mn and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase varies
among squamous cell cancers of the lung, larynx, and oral cavity.
SO - Head Neck 2002 Sep;24(9):859-67
AD - Division of Nutritional Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Alabama at Birmingham, University Station, Birmingham, Alabama 35294,
USA. piyathic@uab.edu
BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in
the development of smoking-related cancers, little is known about the
pattern of expression of ROS scavengers in these cancers. METHODS: In
this present study, we examined the expression of manganese superoxide
dismutase (Mn-SOD) and copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn-SOD),
which are essential enzymes that eliminate ROS, in squamous cell cancers
(SCCs) of the lung (n = 12), larynx (n = 13), and oral cavity (n = 20).
RESULTS: SCCs of larynx and oral cavity showed significantly enhanced
immuhistochemical expression of Mn-SOD compared with the matched
uninvolved epithelium. The higher expression of Mn-SOD was shown to be
late and early events in the process of SCC development in the larynx
and the oral cavity, respectively. The expression of Mn-SOD in SCCs of
the lung was significantly lower compared with luminal cells of the
uninvolved epithelium but not compared with basal cells or an average
expression of SOD in basal and luminal cells. The expression of both
Mn-SOD and cytoplasmic or nuclear Cu-Zn-SOD in bronchial epithelium
adjacent to invasive cancer was significantly lower compared with its
expression in the uninvolved bronchial epithelium away from cancer. This
resulted in a significant difference in SOD expression between cancer
and uninvolved bronchial epithelium away from cancer but not between
cancer and uninvolved epithelium adjacent to cancer. CONCLUSIONS: There
are significant differences in the expression of Mn-SOD and Cu-Zn-SOD
among SCCs of the lung, larynx, and oral cavity. The results also
suggest that variations in distance between cancer and uninvolved
tissues evaluated could contribute to conflicting results of SOD
expression. Copyright 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 24:
859-867, 2002
3
UI - 11991582
AU - Laccourreye O; Veivers D; Bassot V; Menard M; Brasnu D; Laccourreye H
TI -
Analysis of local recurrence in patients with selected T1-3N0M0 squamous
cell carcinoma of the true vocal cord managed with a platinum-based
chemotherapy-alone regimen for cure.
SO - Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002 Apr;111(4):315-21; discussion 321-2
AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, LaEnnec
Hospital, Assistance Publique Hjpitaux de Paris, University of Paris V,
France.
Based on an inception cohort of 35 patients with T1-3N0M0 squamous cell
carcinoma of the true vocal cord who had a complete clinical response
after a platinum-based induction chemotherapy regimen and a minimum of 3
years of follow-up, the current retrospective study documented the
long-term results and consequences of local recurrence following the use
of a platinum-based chemotherapy-alone regimen for cure. During the
years 1985 to 1996, 231 patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma
of the true vocal cord classified as T1-3N0M0 were managed at our
department with a platinum-based induction chemotherapy regimen. A
complete clinical response was achieved in 77 patients. Thirty-five of
the 77 patients with complete clinical response were managed at our
institution with a platinum-based chemotherapy-alone regimen. The
statistical analysis of data on survival, local control, nodal control,
distant metastasis, and metachronous second primary tumor incidence was
based on the Kaplan-Meier product limit method. Univariate analysis was
performed for potential statistical relation between local recurrence
and various variables. The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival estimates
were 91.4% and 88.6%, respectively. Overall, the causes of death were
intercurrent disease in 6 patients and metachronous second primary tumor
in 4 patients. The 3- and 5-year actuarial local control estimate was
64.8%. No significant statistical relation could be demonstrated between
the incidence for local recurrence and the variables under analysis.
Salvage treatment in patients with local recurrence yielded a 100% local
control rate and laryngeal preservation rate. The 3- and 5-year
actuarial lymph node control estimate was 97.1%. The 3- and 5-year
actuarial estimate for patients with distant metastasis was 0%. The 5-
and 10-year actuarial estimates for patients with metachronous second
primary tumor were 9.7% and 28.1%, respectively. Although local
recurrence was noted in almost a third of patients with complete
clinical response who were managed with a platinum-based
chemotherapy-alone regimen, it did not appear to be detrimental, as none
of the patients who had local recurrence ultimately died from their
disease or lost their larynx.
4
UI - 12174612
AU - Miyahara H; Yane K; Tsuruta Y; Uemura H
TI -
[A clinical study of 213 patients with laryngeal cancer]
SO - Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 2002 Jul;105(7):790-8
AD - Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nara Medical
University, Nara.
We retrospectively analyzed 213 patients--197 men and 14 women aged 40
to 87 years--with laryngeal cancer treated at our department from
12:1. Cases included 120 glottic (56.3%), 90 supraglottic (42.3%), and 3
subglottic (1.4%). Radiotherapy for early cases and surgery, mainly
total laryngectomy for T3 and T4 were conducted first. The 5-year
cause-specific survival by site was 97.6% glottic and 77.5%
supraglottic. The five-year survival was 88.6% overall. Local control
was 83.8% in glottic T1a and 84.6% in glottic T1b. The 3-year
preservation of the larynx was 89.1% in glottic T1a and 92.3% in glottic
T1b. Distant metastases were observed in 14 cases, mostly to the lung,
bones, and liver. At high risk for distant metastasis were those with
supraglottic T3-T4, N1, N2b, or pN2c.
5
UI - 12296331
AU - Shiga K; Tateda M; Saijo S
TI -
Complication-free laryngeal surgery after irradiation failure with
prostaglandin E1 administration.
SO - Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2002 Sep;111(9):783-8
AD - Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center Hospital,
Natori, Japan.
To examine the usefulness and efficacy of administration of
prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) after laryngeal surgery in patients who were
previously treated with radiotherapy, we retrospectively examined the
clinical data of 12 patients who had undergone partial laryngectomy and
21 patients who had undergone total laryngectomy. Complications were
observed in 5 of the 7 cases treated with partial laryngectomy without
PGE1 administration, while no complications were observed in the 5 cases
treated with PGE1 after operation. Also, complications, including major
leakage, were observed in 6 of the 15 patients who underwent total
laryngectomy without PGE1, and no complications were observed in the 6
patients who received PGE1. The hospital stay was shorter for the
patients treated with PGE1 than for those not receiving such treatment.
Although this study was a small, nonrandomized pilot trial, the results
indicated that PGE1 administration may be useful and effective for
patients who undergo laryngeal surgery after irradiation failure, in
decreasing the risk of postoperative complications and increasing the
quality of life of the patients.
6
UI - 10564583
AU - Feenstra M; Bakema J; Verdaasdonk M; Rozemuller E; van den Tweel J;
TI -
Slootweg P; de Weger R; Tilanus M
Detection of a putative HLA-A*31012 processed (intronless) pseudogene in
a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
SO - Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2000 Jan;27(1):26-34
AD - Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
HLA class I and beta-2-microglobulin (beta2m) expression in a moderately
differentiated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma appeared to be
downregulated when analyzed by immunohistochemical procedures using the
monomorphic anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (mAb; W6/32),
locus-specific (HCA2 and HC10) and allele-specific (LT129.11 and KRE501)
mAbs and anti-beta2m mAbs. To reveal the molecular basis of
downregulated HLA class I expression, HLA-A typing was performed on DNA
derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and the tumor.
Sequencing-based typing (SBT) revealed HLA-A*02011, 31012. In addition
to HLA-A*02011, 31012 alleles, the tumor contained an HLA-A*31012
allele, which lacked all introns when sequenced from the initiation
codon through exon eight. The 3' UTR region was intact up to at least
200 bp downstream. The mutant HLA-A*31012 is restricted to laryngeal
tumor tissue since it was not amplified in flanking tumor-free laryngeal
tissue. The mutant HLA-A*31012 shares structural characteristics with
processed pseudogenes, i.e., absence of introns and an intact 3' UTR.
This indicates that the mutant HLA-A*31012 allele resulted from a
retroposition (reverse transcription and integration) from the processed
transcript of the wild-type HLA-A*31012 allele within a clonal tumor
cell. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:26-34, 2000. Copyright 2000
Wiley-Liss, Inc.
7
UI - 11580231
AU - Vambutas A; DeVoti J; Pinn W; Steinberg BM; Bonagura VR
TI -
Interaction of human papillomavirus type 11 E7 protein with TAP-1
results in the reduction of ATP-dependent peptide transport.
SO - Clin Immunol 2001 Oct;101(1):94-9
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, The Long Island Campus for the Albert
Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA.
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause benign and malignant epithelial
tumors of the respiratory and genital mucosa. We previously reported
that recurrent respiratory papillomas caused by HPV 6/11 express low
levels of antibody-detectable TAP-1, the protein that transports
peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum for assembly and presentation by
MHC Class I, and that the extent of TAP-1 immunostaining is inversely
related to the frequency of disease recurrence. We have now determined a
mechanism for the reduction in TAP-1 detection. Anti-TAP-1 antibody
immunoprecipitated very low amounts of protein from papilloma cells.
However, immunoprecipitation of calreticulin, another member of the MHC
I assembly complex, coprecipitated TAP-1 at levels comparable to those
of uninfected cells. Immunoprecipitation of an HPV-positive cell line
with either anti-TAP-1 or anti-calreticulin coprecipitated HPV E7
protein. Finally, purified HPV 11 E7 protein inhibited ATP-dependent
peptide transport in vitro. We propose that the interaction of E7 with
TAP-1 prevents TAP-1 antibody detection and efficient peptide transport,
resulting in poor presentation of viral antigen on HPV-infected cells
and thus failure to mount an effective immune-mediated prevention of
disease recurrence. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
8
UI - 2828816
AU - Sivachenko TP; Mechev DS; Abyzov RA
TI -
[Radionuclide and thermographic diagnosis of laryngeal tumors]
SO - Med Radiol (Mosk) 1988 Jan;33(1):27-31
The paper is concerned with an analysis of the results of positive
scintigraphy and thermography obtained from an investigation of 84
laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer patients. The diagnostic accuracy
of positive scintigraphy (38 patients) was 89.5%, that of
thermography--78.9%, of both methods--93.3%. The authors described
methodological aspects of the use of both methods and worked out
indications for their use in combined diagnosis of laryngeal cancer:
topical and differential diagnosis of malignant and benign laryngeal
lesions, definition of a degree of tumor spreading (visualization of
metastases to the lymph nodes), determination of the presence of
laryngeal cancer recurrences and their differential diagnosis with
postradiation edemas.
9
UI - 11936918
AU - Ferlito A; Silver CE; Rinaldo A; Kim H; Shaha AR
TI -
Parastomal recurrence: a therapeutic challenge.
SO - Acta Otolaryngol 2002 Mar;122(2):222-9
AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Udine,
Policlinico Universitario, Italy. a.ferlito@dsc.uniud.it
10
UI - 11936920
AU - Ricci E; Cavalot AL; Sanvito F; Bussi M; Albera R; Staffieri A;
TI -
Cortesina G; Marchisio PC
Differential expression and topography of adhesion molecules in
laryngeal and oropharyngeal carcinomas.
SO - Acta Otolaryngol 2002 Mar;122(2):234-40
AD - Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic II, University of Turin, Italy.
eu.ricci@tiscalinet.it
This work describes the different patterns of expression of integrins
and extracellular matrix proteins in normal and transformed mucosa in
laryngeal and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Samples from each tumor group
were sectioned and examined by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal
antibodies raised against integrin chains (alpha2, alpha3, alpha6, beta1
and beta4) and their ligands (laminins 1 and 5, collagen type IV and two
fibronectin isoforms: ED-A and ED-B). Controls were provided by samples
of tumor-free laryngeal and oropharyngeal mucosa that had been removed
during the surgical procedure. We found that the known distinct
topographical pattern of integrins and the continuity of basement
membrane components was altered in both groups but that the extent of
changes was significantly more marked in oropharyngeal tumors, which are
known to be more infiltrating and diffusive and to have a bad prognosis.
These molecular patterns of expression can be used as an additional
prognostic factor as they suggest a greater biological tumor
aggressiveness of oropharyngeal tumors. We suggest that performing
immunohistochemical analysis on biopsy samples may help in selecting the
correct therapeutic strategy for these tumors and enable more accurate
follow-up. The above-mentioned molecules may become part of the
diagnostic toolbox of head and neck surgical pathologists.
11
UI - 12002877
AU - Kawaida M; Fukuda H; Kohno N
TI -
New visualization technique with a three-dimensional video-assisted
stereoendoscopic system: application of the BVHIS display method during
endolaryngeal surgery.
SO - J Voice 2002 Mar;16(1):105-16
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital,
Japan. kawaida-o@ohtsuka-hospital.toshima.tokyo.jp
A three-dimensional video-assisted stereoendoscopic system (3D video
system) developed by the Shinko Optical Company, Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan),
and referred to as the binocular vision by horizontal image shifting
display method (BVHIS display method), has been developed to digitally
process ordinary video signals obtained with a video camera connected to
a direct videolaryngoscope. The three-dimensional video system provides
the surgeon with stereoendoscopic video images and enhances the ability
of the surgeon to perform delicate endoscopic procedures. The
three-dimensional video-assisted stereoendoscopic laryngosurgical
procedure and its underlying principles are described in this paper. A
total of 12 patients with laryngeal lesions causing dysphonia underwent
three-dimensional video-assisted stereoendoscopic laryngosurgery.
Although the video image obtained with the BVHIS display method is only
pseudo-three-dimensional, this method enables the surgeon to perceive
both depth perception and realism. We describe a surgical procedure
using this new visualizing technique and the underlying principles of
the technique. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations of the
patients' vocal functions are also described. This system is a useful
tool for the treatment of laryngeal lesions causing dysphonia.
12
UI - 12122625
AU - Uguz MZ; Onal K; Karagoz S; Gokce AH; Firat U
TI -
[Coexistence of laryngeal cancer and laryngocele: a radiologic and
pathologic evaluation]
SO - Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2002 Jan-Feb;9(1):46-52
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital,
Izmir, Turkey. mzuguz@hotmail.com
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the incidence of laryngocele in patients
with laryngeal cancer and in healthy controls and evaluated the role of
laryngocele in neck metastasis and thyroid cartilage invasion. PATIENTS
AND METHODS: The incidence of laryngocele was investigated by computed
tomography (CT) preoperatively in 52 patients (49 men, 3 women; mean age
56 years; range 36 to 79 years) with laryngeal cancer. The findings were
compared with those of histopathologic studies; moreover, neck
metastasis and thyroid cartilage invasion were sought. In addition, the
incidence of laryngocele was examined in 50 normal controls. RESULTS:
Histopathologic examination showed laryngocele in 17 patients (32.7%).
The incidence of laryngocele by CT was 30.7% (n = 16). Computed
tomography showed laryngocele in three cases (6%). Of patients with
laryngocele, lymph node metastasis and thyroid cartilage invasion were
detected histopathologically in 47% and 23.5%, respectively, whereas
lymph node metastasis and thyroid cartilage invasion were found in 22.8%
of patients without laryngocele (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The association
between laryngeal cancer and laryngocele requires a detailed evaluation
for laryngeal carcinoma in patients in whom an asymptomatic laryngocele
had been detected by CT.
13
UI - 12122626
AU - Aygenc E; Celikkanat S; Ozbek C; Dere H; Ozdem C
TI -
[Functional outcomes after supracricoid partial laryngectomy]
SO - Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2002 Jan-Feb;9(1):54-8
AD - Department of Ear Nose and Throat Diseases, Ankara Numune Hospital,
Ankara, Turkey. eaygenc@turk.net
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated functional outcomes in patients undergoing
supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The
study included 20 male patients (mean age 61.5 years; range 43 to 76
years) who underwent SCPL for advanced laryngeal carcinoma. Correlations
were sought between variables (age, medical history, reconstruction
techniques such as cricohyoidopexy or cricohyoidoepiglottopexy,
arytenoid resection) and decannulation time, duration for oral feeding,
weight change, and complications. The mean follow-up was 20.9 months
(range 7 to 39 months). RESULTS: All patients were decannulated in a
mean of 19.9 days. Eighty-five percent of patients achieved normal
deglutition without aspiration or weight loss within six months
postoperatively. The nasogastric feeding tube was removed in a mean of
39.7 days. Voice quality of patients was sufficient for their social
communications. CONCLUSION: Our functional results suggest that SCPL is
an alternative technique to total laryngectomy in patients in whom other
partial laryngectomy techniques are not considered.
14
UI - 12122633
AU - Ozudogru E; Cingi E; Cakli H; Kecik MC; Cingi C; Gurbuz MK
TI -
[Patient selection for near-total laryngectomy and oncologic results]
SO - Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2002 Mar-Apr;9(2):121-5
AD - Osmangazi Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Kulak Burun Bogaz Hastaliklari
Anabilim Dali, Eskisehir, Turkey. ozudogru@ogu.edu.tr
OBJECTIVES: We reviewed preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative
findings and the survival data to determine which patients may be
appropriate for near-total laryngectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We
reviewed hospital records of 20 patients (all males; mean age 56.6
years; range 35 to 73 years) who underwent near-total laryngectomy.
Indications for patient selection for near-total laryngectomy and
survival data were evaluated in comparison with literature reports.
RESULTS: The site of the tumor was the sinus pyriformis in two, and the
larynx in 18 patients. Thirteen patients had T3, seven patients had T2
tumors. The lesions were localized in the sinus pyriformis in two
patients with T2 tumors. The locoregional control rate at the end of two
years was 75%; two- and three-year survival rates were 81.2% and 64.2%,
respectively. CONCLUSION: Following a detailed and meticulous
investigation in the preoperative period, near-total laryngectomy seems
to be appropriate in selected patients with advanced laryngeal and
hypopharyngeal tumors in which partial laryngectomy procedures are not
considered. It may both provide cure and preserve phonation. It may also
be considered for functional purposes in patients whose pulmonary
functions are insufficient for partial laryngectomy, in those in whom
food aspiration is inevitable after partial laryngectomy, and in those
suffering from lifelong food aspiration due to neurologic causes, and
for oncologic reasons in patients who develop local recurrences after
partial laryngectomy.
15
UI - 12189579
AU - Feldmann H
TI -
[Diagnosis and therapy of diseases of the larynx in the history of
medicine. Part III. After the invention of laryngoscopy]
SO - Laryngorhinootologie 2002 Aug;81(8):596-604
AD - HNO-Klinik, Universitat Munster, Germany.
BACKGROUND: Laryngology a discipline of its own: When in 1855 Garcia had
invented the indirect laryngoscopy and Turck and Czermak had introduced
the method in clinical medicine numerous laryngological centres were
founded in Austria, Germany, England, and France. FIRST INTERVENTIONS
AND SOLUTION OF TECHNICAL PROBLEMS: In 1859 Czermak had already examined
20 patients with laryngeal diseases and demonstrated that it was
possible to apply local treatment such as cautery under laryngoscopic
view. The surgeon von Bruns in Tubingen (Germany) reported in 1862 on
the successful removal of a polyp in the larynx. One common problem was
the epiglottis preventing the view on the anterior part of the glottis.
Czermak had suggested to make the epiglottis rise by intoning "hee".
Methods of holding the epiglottis with a suture or with a forceps were
not successful. In 1879 Reichert in Rostock (Germany) presented his
epiglottis retractor which is still in common use. The irritability of
the laryngeal mucosa remained the major problem for the next 20 years.
CONSERVATIVE ENDOLARYNGEAL TREATMENT: The dominant means were local
applications with brushes, powder blowers or injections of caustic
fluids. Starting at about 1860 there were also steam inhalations.
SURGICAL ENDOLARYNGEAL INTERVENTIONS: In a very early stage numerous
instruments were devised such as sickle knives, various forceps, polyp
snares and instruments for applications of electric currents. These were
used in a monopolar and a bipolar way to induce electrolysis,
coagulation and stimulation. INTRODUCTION OF SURFACE ANAESTHESIA: In
1884 in Vienna the surface anaesthesia with cocaine was introduced by
Koller in the ophthalmology and by Jelinek in the laryngology. THE
SPECIAL CASE HISTORY: The case history of the German emperor Frederick
III, who died of laryngeal cancer in 1888, is briefly reported, because
here all knowledge and technical facilities available at that time were
brought into play. The treatment was guided by the German surgeons von
Bergmann and Bramann, the laryngologists Gerhardt, Tobold and Schrotter
(Vienna), the pathologists Virchow and Waldeyer, and the English
laryngologist Mackenzie. The dominant problem was to have a safe
diagnosis preoperatively. There was a passionate discussion about who
was to blame for the fatal outcome of the emperor's disease.
CONCLUDING.: Another case history is reported when the surgeon von
Bergmann believed he could demonstrate a successful operation on a
patient with an apparently secure diagnosis of a laryngeal carcinoma the
way it should have been done on the emperor. He was wrong: it turned out
to be a tuberculosis and the patient died three hours after the
operation.
16
UI - 12228204
AU - Piantelli M; Iacobelli S; Almadori G; Iezzi M; Tinari N; Natoli C;
TI -
Cadoni G; Lauriola L; Ranelletti FO
Lack of expression of galectin-3 is associated with a poor outcome in
node-negative patients with laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma.
SO - J Clin Oncol 2002 Sep 15;20(18):3850-6
AD - Department of Oncology and Neurosciences, G. D'Annunzio University,
Chieti, Italy. mpiantelli@unich.it
PURPOSE: Galectin-3 is a pleiotropic carbohydrate-binding protein
participating in a variety of normal and pathologic processes, including
cancer progression. This study was aimed at evaluating the prognostic
value of galectin-3 expression in node-negative laryngeal squamous-cell
carcinoma (SCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Galectin-3 expression was
analyzed by immunohistochemistry using M3/38 monoclonal antibody, in a
single-institution series of 73 node-negative laryngeal SCC patients
(median follow-up, 52 months; range, 2 to 90 months). RESULTS: Forty-two
(57.5%) of 73 patients expressed galectin-3. Galectin-3 expression was
positively associated with tumor keratinization and histologic grade. A
significant correlation was found between galectin-3 tumor positivity
and longer relapse-free and overall survival. In univariate analysis,
high-grade (grade 3 or 4) tumors, nonkeratinizing tumors, and
galectin-3-negative tumors showed a significantly increased risk of
relapse and death. In multivariate analysis, only galectin-3 expression
retained an independent prognostic significance for both relapse-free
and overall survival. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the absence of
galectin-3 expression is an independent negative prognostic marker in
laryngeal SCC patients. Thus, histochemical detection of galectin-3 in
these tumors could be useful for the selection of node-negative patients
with potentially unfavorable outcomes, to establish adjuvant therapy
protocols.
17
UI - 12269628
AU - Bertino G; Bellomo A; Ferrero FE; Ferlito A
TI -
Acoustic analysis of voice quality with or without false vocal fold
displacement after cordectomy.
SO - J Voice 2001 Mar;15(1):131-40
AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery University of Udine,
Italy.
Conventional cordectomy by means of a laryngofissure is one of the
therapeutic options for treatment of early glottic cancer. To improve
the poor voice quality related to this kind of operation, many authors
have developed different techniques to repair the mucosal defect. We
analyzed voice quality acoustically and compared it after cordectomy
alone and after cordectomy with the reconstruction of the vocal cord in
a group of 14 patients affected by T1 glottic carcinoma. All the
patients underwent postoperative speech therapy. Three patients who
underwent cordectomy with reconstruction showed the presence of
diplophonia, while two patients without reconstruction showed the
presence of bitonality. The differences of the acoustic parameters
(jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio) between the two groups of
patients were not statistically significant. Reconstruction of the vocal
cord does not seem to improve voice quality after cordectomy even in
combination with postoperative speech therapy.
18
UI - 12045791
AU - Menezes AM; Horta BL; Oliveira AL; Kaufmann RA; Duquia R; Diniz A; Motta
TI -
LH; Centeno MS; Estanislau G; Gomes L
[Attributed risk to smoking for lung cancer, laryngeal cancer and
esophageal cancer]
SO - Rev Saude Publica 2002 Apr;36(2):129-34
AD - Departamento de Clinica Medica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas,
Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
OBJECTIVE: Lung, laryngeal and esophageal cancers have smoking as one of
their main risk factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the
population attributed risk (PAR) of smoking for these forms of cancer.
METHODS: The study was based in three case-control studies conducted in
medium size cities in Brazil. Incident cases of lung cancer, laryngeal
cancer and esophageal cancer seen at a hospital setting and diagnosed
through biopsy were analyzed; controls were hospitalized patients with
another diagnoses. Smoking was the exposure factor measured at three
levels: non-smokers, former smokers and smokers, which were defined
using a questionnaire applied by trained interviewers. For effect
measure, odds ratio was used and the populational attributed risk for
smoking was then calculated for a 95% CI. RESULTS: A total of 122 lung
cancer cases and 244 controls, 50 cases of laryngeal cancer and 48 cases
of esophageal cancer, and 96 controls for both of them were studied. The
prevalence of smoking exposure was 34%, which is the overall prevalence
of smoking in this city's adult population. Odds ratios (OR) for the PAR
analysis were the adjusted OR for confounding variables from each study.
Lung cancer PAR was 63% (95% IC, 0.58-0.68) for former smokers and 71%
(95%IC, 0.65-0.77) for smokers. Larynx cancer PAR was 74% (95% IC,
0.70-0.78) and 86% (95%IC, 0.81-0.85) for former smokers and smokers,
respectively. Esophageal cancer PAR was 54% (95%IC, 0.46-0.62) for
smokers. CONCLUSION: Smoking is an avoidable risk factor and smoking
cessation could be responsible for significant reductions in the
incidence of these three forms of cancer.
19
UI - 12162017
AU - Dutkiewicz W; Iciek W; Staniewicz W; Jablonska M
TI -
[Comparison of the state of acceptance by patients after total and
partial laryngectomy]
SO - Otolaryngol Pol 2002;56(3):303-6
AD - Oddzial Laryngologii Szpitala Wojewodzkiego w Zielonej Gorze.
In this study authors asked about 400 patients (or their families) after
surgery procedures because of larynx carcinoma. The questions was
connected with acceptance the postoperative state. We collected 170
answers on the question, 137 from patients after total laryngectomy and
33 after partial laryngectomy. On of the question exactly sounded: how
patients accepted their postoperative state? They had 3 answers: not
content, agreed with the injury or content with the treatment. The
results was very astonished: from extreme discontent patients to very
satisfied. The most acceptable from the patients point of view is the
partial laryngectomy. Even if that sparing operation is enough for some
time patient is more satisfied than after total laryngectomy. The
acceptance for the total operation is lower, but grows together with a
time alive's. The important conditions of acceptance the injuries after
the total operations are the awareness of the threats because of the
condition, the possibilities of the treatment and it's choice and the
knowledge about a rehabilitations after surgery and possibilities to
achieve it. The acceptance of the injuries depends on the acceptance
this patients by society.
20
UI - 12162018
AU - Milecki P; Kruk-Zagajewska A; Stryczynska G
TI -
[Timing and duration of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with
laryngeal cancer]
SO - Otolaryngol Pol 2002;56(3):307-11
AD - Zaklad Radioterapii, Wielkopolskiego Centrum Onkologii w Poznaniu.
Aim of this was an evaluation of the impact of prolongation of combined
treatment time on the local-regional control laryngeal cancer patients
treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Study was based on
retrospective analysis of 254 patients with T3/T4 and N0-N2 laryngeal
surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (RT). Median age of investigated
group was 56.3 years. Surgery consisted of total laryngectomy in all
cases and with selective neck dissection. RT began 22 to 78 days
postoperatively (median 45 days) and continued for a median of 47 days
(range, 40-74 days). The primary tumor bed and all lymph neck nodes were
treated in all patients. The total dose to the primary tumor bed was
about 60 Gy, fraction dose was 2 Gy. All lymph nodes were irradiated
with a dose of 50 Gy. The factors studied for prognostic importance for
a local-regional failure included: overall combined treatment time,
interval between surgery and the start of radiotherapy, radiotherapy
treatment time, age, sex, T and N categories. The 5-year actuarial
disease-free local-regional survival was 50%. On univariate analysis,
using log rank test, only N status, sex were predicted for the
locoregional control of postoperative radiotherapy. Overall treatment
time longer than 90 days and especially 100 days was correlated with
worse locoregional results of combined treatment respectively (p = 0.003
and p = 0.0007). Also prolongation of interval time between surgery and
postoperative radiotherapy beyond 50 days was connected with higher rate
of failures (p = 0.02). The same trend was observed when time of
irradiation was longer than 47 days (p = 0.01). This analysis indicated
that the prolongation of the overall treatment time of combined
modality, the the time between surgery, and radiotherapy and time of
postoperative radiotherapy were correlated with increased of local
regional failures.
21
UI - 12162035
AU - Mikaszewski B
TI -
[Prognostic factors in laryngeal carcinoma based on clinical and
pathological analysis of 344 patients treated surgically]
SO - Otolaryngol Pol 2002;56(3):393-4
AD - Katedra i Klinika Chorob Uszu, Nosa, Gardla i Krtani AM w Gdansku.
22
UI - 12162036
AU - Zaorski P
TI -
[Extracapsular spread of lymph nodes as a prognostic factor in laryngeal
carcinoma]
SO - Otolaryngol Pol 2002;56(3):395-6
AD - Katedra i Klinika Chorob Uszu, Nosa, Gardla i Krtani AM w Gdansku.
23
UI - 11936307
AU - Stewart BW; Semmler PC
TI -
Sharp v Port Kembla RSL Club: establishing causation of laryngeal cancer
by environmental tobacco smoke.
SO - Med J Aust 2002 Feb 4;176(3):113-6
AD - South East Sydney Public Health Unit, Randwick, NSW.
stewartb@sesahs.nsw.gov.au
A New South Wales Supreme Court jury has decided that environmental
tobacco smoke (ETS) can cause or materially contribute to the
development of laryngeal cancer. Evidence presented that ETS may cause
or materially contribute to laryngeal cancer included the molecular
genetics of tobacco-smoke-induced carcinogenesis, and two relevant
epidemiological studies. The plaintiff's exposure to ETS was established
indirectly, on the basis of occupational history involving work as a bar
attendant in licensed premises. The jury's decision seems likely to
encourage other "passive smoking" cases, and may result in measures to
reduce occupational exposure to ETS.
24
UI - 9839909
AU - Porter MJ; McIvor NP; Morton RP; Hindley AC
TI -
Audit in the management of T3 fixed-cord laryngeal cancer.
SO - Am J Otolaryngol 1998 Nov-Dec;19(6):360-4
AD - Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Green Lane Hospital,
Auckland, New Zealand.
PURPOSE: To determine results of various treatments for T3 fixed-cord
lesions and the subset T3 glottic cancer in Auckland from 1979 to 1995.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively from a
departmental database, and the notes were reviewed. Because of the
difficulty in determining the subsite of some fixed-cord lesions, the
entire group of T3 fixed-cord lesions was examined, and those tumors
that were considered to be definitely arising from the glottis were then
analyzed as a specific subset. RESULTS: Fixed-cord lesions were
diagnosed in 75 patients (21 supraglottic, 54 glottic). Primary surgery
(total laryngectomy) was performed on 46 patients, primary radical dose
radiotherapy was undertaken on 25 patients, and four patients were
treated palliatively. For T3 fixed-cord lesions, disease-specific
survival for radiotherapy and surgery was 36% and 66%, respectively, and
32% and 67%, respectively, for T3 glottic lesions. For both T3
fixed-cord and T3 glottic lesions, surgery produced significantly better
survival than did radiotherapy (<60 Gy; P = .0157). With radiotherapy
greater than 60 Gy, cancer of the larynx has been controlled in seven of
13 patients, although only five patients are alive, with a median
follow-up of 24 months (range, 12-49 months). CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy
less than 60 Gy produced markedly inferior results to surgery for T3
fixed-cord lesions and T3 glottis in Auckland. Radiotherapy at more than
60 Gy shows promise, but an ongoing audit is essential to ensure that
survival is similar to surgery and to that reported by those promoting
organ-preservation protocols.
25
UI - 12073267
AU - Amiraliev NM
TI -
[Therapeutic policy in stage I-II laryngeal cancer]
SO - Lik Sprava 2002;(2):72-6
Radio-, chemoradiation (with making use of cysplatin and 5-fluorouracil)
therapies were employed together with a surgical method as treatment of
197 patients with T1-2N0M0 laryngeal cancer. Efficiency of the methods
each was assessed by recurrence-free source of the disease, survivals,
and by functional results as well. The best results in the treatment of
T1N0M0 laryngeal cancer have been found out to be secured with the use
of the surgical method, as evidenced by the analysis of the clinical
material--94.3 percent of patients are free from recurrence and
metastases for more than three years versus 81.6 percent with the
radiotherapy method. In T2N0M0 laryngeal cancer, 70% of patients are
free from recurrence and metastases after radiotherapy treatments. With
chemoradiotherapy and surgical treatment these parameters comprised
88.8% and 11.2%; 91.5% and 8.5%. In T2N0M0 glottic cancer the surgical
method is considered to be superior to other options.
26
UI - 12218866
AU - Duflo S; Chrestian M; Guelfucci B; Champsaur P; Moulin G; Zanaret M
TI -
[Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with histopathological
correlation in laryngeal carcinomas]
SO - Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 2002;119(3):131-7
AD - Service ORL Adulte, CHU la Timone bu. Jean Moulin 13005 Marseille,
France.
Apart from a clinical examination including direct laryngoscopy and
biopsy, pretherapeutic staging for local extension of laryngeal
carcinoma requires computed tomography. The role of magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to
determine its value for detecting invasion of the main laryngeal
structures. Histological findings were compared with axial MRI slices to
remain in the same plane. A double-blind study of 10 areas of the larynx
was performed: vocal muscle, anterior and posterior paraglottic spaces,
anterior and posterior laryngeal commissures, anterior and posterior
subglottic area, arytenoid, thyroid, and cricoid cartilages. MRI
appeared to be the method of choice to detect neoplastic cartilage, and
subglottic and commissural invasion. MRI allows a treatment strategy
adapted to the areas involved by the laryngeal carcinoma.
27
UI - 9353428
AU - Chatani M; Matayoshi Y; Masaki N; Teshima T; Inoue T
TI -
Radiation therapy for early glottic carcinoma (T1N0M0). The adverse
effect of treatment interruption.
SO - Strahlenther Onkol 1997 Oct;173(10):502-6
AD - Department of Radiation Therapy, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and
Cardiovascular Disease, Japan.
PURPOSE: Clarification of the adverse effects of treatment interruption
on the local control of early glottic carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS:
carcinoma (T1N0M0) were treated at this department. Of 253 patients
administered 60 Gy in 30 fractions 77 patients had no treatment
interruption and treatment was completed within 6 weeks (group I),
overall treatment time was prolonged for 176 patients: 141 patients 43
to 49 days (group II) and 35 patients 50 to 62 days (group III).
Treatment was interrupted due to public holidays (156 cases), patients
convenience (13 cases) and severe mucosal reactions (seven cases). The
major reason was public holidays, 91% in group II and 80% in group III.
RESULTS: The 3-year recurrence-free survival rates were for group I 95%,
group II 89% and group II 80%. Survivals for groups I and II, groups II
and III and groups I and III were essentially the same. At 40 Gy tumor
clearance was more than 50% in the 3-groups. For complete clearance
cases at 40 Gy, recurrence-free survival was essentially the same for
the 3 groups although for incomplete clearance cases, statistically
significant difference for groups I and III (log-rank test p = 0.0004;
Wilcoxon test p = 0.0004) and marginally significant difference for
groups II and III (p = 0.0157, p = 0.0045) but no difference for groups
I and II (p = 0.0669, p = 0.0853) were noted by adjusting the p-value.
CONCLUSION: Prolongation of overall treatment time and tumor clearance
at 40 Gy appeared to be a factor of the local control.
28
UI - 12368631
AU - Galli J; Cammarota G; Calo L; Agostino S; D'Ugo D; Cianci R; Almadori G
TI -
The role of acid and alkaline reflux in laryngeal squamous cell
carcinoma.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Oct;112(10):1861-5
AD - Institute of Otolaryngology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome,
Italy. iclot@rm.unicatt.it
HYPOTHESIS: At present, main factors considered responsible for the
onset of squamous cell carcinoma are tobacco smoking, alcohol abuse, and
exposure to viral and toxic agents. In last years, great interest has
been focused on gastroesophageal reflux as independent carcinogenic
factor and co-carcinogen in association with smoking and alcohol
assumption. STUDY DESIGN: Initially, the aim of this study was to
objectively evaluate the presence of distal and proximal esophageal
reflux with multielectrode pH measurement in patients with cancer of the
larynx and/or hypopharynx (group A). However, in the course of the
study, pharyngolaryngeal cancer was also observed in 4 patients with
achlorhydria; therefore, the hypothesis that alkaline reflux might be
involved in the onset of laryngeal cancer was tested (group B). METHODS:
Twenty-one consecutive patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngolaryngeal
squamous cell carcinoma (group A) entered the study. Twenty-one patients
without laryngo-pharyngeal diseases were used as control subjects. A
validated questionnaire of the clinical history was completed by all
patients who underwent 24-hour pH monitoring. Group B included 40
consecutive gastrectomized patients (28 males and 12 females) in whom
biliary or alkaline reflux was directly consequent to Billroth I or
Billroth II operation. The control group was composed of 40
non-gastrectomized dyspeptic patients. The clinical history was
controlled and obtained; EDGS and ENT examination with videolaryngoscopy
was performed in all patients. RESULTS: In group A, pH measurement
showed pathological reflux in 80.9% (17 of 21) of patients with no
typical symptoms in 63.7% of them. The difference was significant with
respect to the control group. In group B, 6 of 40 (15%) had
preneoplastic lesions or a history of laryngeal tumor. The difference
was significant with respect to the control group. A total of 7.5% of
group B patients had previously undergone CO2 laser cordectomy for
laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 7.5% had leukoplakia. We found a
significantly higher incidence (<.05) of neoplastic and preneoplastic
disease of the larynx in patients undergoing Billroth II and total
gastrectomy than in those undergoing Billroth I and Roux-en-Y resection.
We also found a significant increase (<.01) in ENT lesions in the group
of patients who had undergone gastrectomy more than 20 years previously.
CONCLUSIONS: In agreement with literature reports, results obtained in
group A confirmed that gastroesophageal reflux is often present in
patients with neoplastic lesions of the pharynx and larynx. Furthermore,
gastric resection is indicated for the first time as an additional risk
factor or cofactor of precancerosis and squamous cell carcinoma of the
pharynx or larynx. Further studies are necessary to establish the cause
and effect relationship between biliary reflux and pharyngo-laryngeal
tumors.
29
UI - 11938525
AU - Raji A; Mahtar M; Atlassi B; Essaadi M; Detsouli M; Kadiri F; Chekkoury
TI -
IA; Benchekroun Y
[Unusual benign tumors of the larynx: report of 17 cases]
SO - Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 2001;122(4):245-8
AD - Hopital 20 Aoput, CHU Ibn Rochd, Service ORL, Casablanca, Maroc, 20 rue
19 Douam, Casablanca 04, Maroc.
Rare benign tumours of the larynx (RBTL) form a heterogeneous group. The
clinical picture is non-specific. Based on a series of 17 cases of RBTL
treated in our department, we wish to draw attention to the diagnosis,
treatment and clinical course of these tumours. The mean age of the
patients was 37 years, with the male sex predominating. The presenting
symptom was most commonly progressive dysphonia, while 5 patients were
admitted in respiratory distress. Examination and special investigations
revealed 8 cases of laryngocoele, 6 cases of angioma, 2 cases of
schwannoma, and one of chondroma. Treatment was surgical, by an external
approach in 10 cases and endoscopically in 7. The postoperative course
was satisfactory. No long-term recurrences were encountered.
Conservative surgery by an external or endoscopic approach has
revolutionised the functional outcome in these benign tumours.
30
UI - 11938707
AU - Galli J; Frenguelli A; Calo L; Agostino S; Cianci R; Cammarota G
TI -
[Role of gastroesophageal reflux in precancerous conditions and in
squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: our experience]
SO - Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2001 Dec;21(6):350-5
AD - Istituto di Otorinolaringoiatria, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore,
Roma. iclot@rm.unicatt
The major risk factors for the onset of precancerous lesions and
squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx are, above all, tobacco smoke,
alcohol abuse and exposure to viral and toxic agents. In recent years,
however, gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) has also aroused significant
interest not only as carcinogen but also as co-carcinogen in association
with smoking and alcohol consumption. The purpose of the present work is
to provide an objective evaluation of the presence of distal and
proximal esophageal reflux using multi-electrode pH monitoring in
patients with precancerous lesions of the larynx and laryngeal and
pharyngolaryngeal neoplasms. A total of 24 patients consecutively
hospitalized during 2000 were evaluated: 20 with squamous cell carcinoma
of the larynx and/or pharynx-larynx and 4 with precancerous vocal cord
lesions. All the patients provided a case history using a validated
questionnaire and underwent electronic videolaryngoscopy and 24-hour pH
monitoring. Data analysis showed that in 83.3% of the cases (20/24) pH
monitoring was indicative of pathological GER and 63.7% of these
patients had no complaints related to reflux. Moreover, 7/24 patients
have had a previous gastrectomy (Billroth II) strictly related
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