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NCI CANCERLIT^® Search: Retinoblastoma - April 2002

Imprima English

National Cancer Institute^®
Ultima Vez Modificado: 1 de abril del 2002

Multifocal retinoblastomas treated with transpupillary thermotherapy.

Delayed diagnosis of retinoblastoma: analysis of degree, cause, and potential consequences.

Factors predictive of recurrence of retinal tumors, vitreous seeds, and subretinal seeds following chemoreduction for retinoblastoma.

Association between telomerase activity and basic fibroblast growth factor up-regulation in retinoblastomas.

Clinical significance of molecular genetic changes in sporadic invasive pituitary adenomas.

Visual results in children treated for macular retinoblastoma.

Predilection of retinoblastoma metastases for the mandible.

Retinoblastoma with central retinal artery thrombosis that mimics extraocular disease.

Leydig cell tumor and mature teratoma: unusual non-ocular tumors associated with sexual pseudo-precocity six years after unilateral

13q deletion syndrome associated with retinoblastoma and clinical anophthalmos of the opposite eye.

Table of Contents

1
UI - 11939675
AU - Lin HY; Lee FL; Ko YC; Hsieh YL
TI - Multifocal retinoblastomas treated with transpupillary thermotherapy.
SO - Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2002 Jan;65(1):41-4
AD - Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, ROC.

2
UI - 11875173
AU - Butros LJ; Abramson DH; Dunkel IJ
TI - Delayed diagnosis of retinoblastoma: analysis of degree, cause, and potential consequences.
SO - Pediatrics 2002 Mar;109(3):E45
AD - Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the degree, cause, and consequence of delays from presenting signs to diagnosis of retinoblastoma. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 64 consecutive patients who presented to the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center with newly diagnosed retinoblastoma. Seven patients with a positive family history were excluded. RESULTS: The median times from presenting signs to diagnosis for patients with unilateral and bilateral disease were 1.5 and 2.25 months (range: 0--46), respectively; for those who presented with leukocoria and strabismus, median times were 1.5 (range: 0--46) and 2.5 months (range: 0--24). Parents noted the first signs in 75% of the cases. Seventy-seven percent delayed seeking treatment, and primary care physicians (PCPs) delayed referral in 30%. Only 3 patients were referred from PCPs solely for physical examination findings. No adverse consequence of delayed diagnosis could be established clearly, but a trend toward eye loss being associated with longer delays in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma was noted. CONCLUSION: Leukocoria and strabismus secondary to retinoblastoma are usually first recognized by relatives rather than PCPs. At routine visits, PCPs should inform parents about the importance of reporting eye abnormalities, and children whose parents complain of leukocoria (white, shiny, jello-like eye) should be referred promptly to an ophthalmologist regardless of whether an absent red reflex is appreciated.

3
UI - 11934319
AU - Shields CL; Honavar SG; Shields JA; Demirci H; Meadows AT; Naduvilath TJ
TI - Factors predictive of recurrence of retinal tumors, vitreous seeds, and subretinal seeds following chemoreduction for retinoblastoma.
SO - Arch Ophthalmol 2002 Apr;120(4):460-4
AD - Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, 900 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the clinical features of eyes with retinoblastomas that predict the recurrence of retinal tumors, vitreous seeds, and subretinal seeds following treatment with chemoreduction. DESIGN: Prospective nonrandomized single-center clinical trial. SETTING: Ocular oncology service at Wills Eye Hospital of Thomas Jefferson University (Philadelphia, Pa) in conjunction with the division of oncology at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. PARTICIPANTS: There were 158 eyes with 364 tumors in 103 consecutive patients with 1999. INTERVENTION: All patients received treatment for retinoblastoma with 6 cycles of chemoreduction using vincristine, etoposide, and carboplatin combined with focal treatment (cryotherapy, thermotherapy, or plaque radiotherapy) for each retinal tumor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The 3 main outcome measures included recurrence of retinal tumors, recurrence of vitreous seeds, and recurrence of subretinal seeds. The clinical features at the initial examination were analyzed for their association with the main outcome measures using a series of Cox proportional hazards regressions. RESULTS: All retinal tumors, vitreous seeds, and subretinal seeds showed an initial favorable response of regression during this treatment regimen. Using Kaplan-Meier estimates, at least 1 retinal tumor recurrence per eye was found in 37% of eyes at 1 year, 51% at 3 years, and no further increase at 5 years. By multivariate analysis, the only factor predictive of retinal tumor recurrence was the presence of tumor-associated subretinal seeds at the initial examination. Of the 54 eyes that had vitreous seeds at the initial examination, vitreous seed recurrence was found in 26% of eyes at 1 year, 46% at 3 years, and 50% at 5 years. By univariate analysis, the only factor predictive of vitreous seed recurrence was the presence of tumor-associated subretinal seeds at the initial examination. Of the 71 eyes that had subretinal seeds at the initial examination, subretinal seed recurrence was detected in 53% of eyes at 1 year, 62% at 3 years, and no further increase at 5 years. By multivariate analysis, factors predictive of subretinal seed recurrence included a tumor base greater than 15 mm and a patient age of 12 months or younger at diagnosis. There were no patients who developed retinoblastoma metastasis, pinealoblastoma, or second malignant neoplasms. CONCLUSIONS: Chemoreduction combined with focal therapy is effective for selected eyes with retinoblastomas. Eyes with subretinal seeds at initial examination are at particular risk for recurrence of retinal tumor and vitreous seeds. Younger patients with large tumors are at risk for recurrence of subretinal seeds. Retinal tumor and subretinal seed recurrence seems to manifest within 3 years of follow-up. Close follow-up of all patients treated with chemoreduction is warranted.

4
UI - 11911245
AU - Kondo Y; Tanaka Y; Shields J A; Kondo S
TI - Association between telomerase activity and basic fibroblast growth factor up-regulation in retinoblastomas.
SO - Anticancer Res 2001 Nov-Dec;21(6A):3765-72
AD - Center for Surgery Research, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA. Yasuko.Kondo@mssm.edu
BACKGROUND: Telomerase is an enzyme associated with cellular immortality and malignancy in many cell types. On the other hand, growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) promote tumor growth, whereas the association between telomerase and these growth factors remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Telomerase activity and expression of bFGF and PDGF were assayed in 9 retinoblastoma tissues and 2 cell lines (WERI-Rb-1 and Y79). The association of telomerase activity with bFGF or PDGF was investigated. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was detected in three out of nine tissues and both cell lines. Two telomerase highly-positive tissues and WERI-Rb-1 and Y79 cells expressed bFGF. As for the expression of PDGF, only one retinoblastoma tissue with high telomerase was positive. To further determine whether telomerase activity and bFGF are closely associated, we inhibited each expression. Inhibition of telomerase in WERI-Rb-1 cells using the anti-sense treatment suppressed the expression of bFGF and subsequently induced apoptosis after 25 to 30 doublings. When bFGF expression was suppressed by the neutralizing antibody, telomerase activity was not affected nor was apoptosis detected. CONCLUSION: Telomerase may up-regulate the expression of bFGF and protect retinoblastoma cells from cell death, indicating, the possibility that inhibition of telomerase is a promising approach for the treatment of telomerase-positive tumors.

5
UI - 11642545
AU - Nam DH; Song SY; Park K; Kim MH; Suh YL; Lee JI; Kim JS; Hong SC; Shin
TI - HJ; Park K; Eoh W; Kim JH Clinical significance of molecular genetic changes in sporadic invasive pituitary adenomas.
SO - Exp Mol Med 2001 Sep 30;33(3):111-6
AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center and Center for Clinical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
Several molecular and genetic changes have been found in pituitary adenomas. We looked for correlations between these changes and the degree of invasiveness of the tumors. The invasiveness of 11 pituitary adenomas was graded by Hardy classification. We examined the retinoblastoma gene (RB1.20 on chromosome 13q) and the region around the MEN1 locus (chromosome 11q13.1-5) for loss of heterozygosity. Also examined are p53 mutations using single strain conformation polymorphism, p53 protein overexpression using immuno cytochemistry, homozygous deletions of p15 and p16 by polymerase chain reaction, and cellular proliferative activity using MIB-1 antibody. Six tumors (54.5%) had an LOH at either RB1.20 or the MEN1 locus. LOHs were found more frequently in Grade 4 and stage E tumors (72% and 67%) than in Grade 3 and stage D tumors (25% and 40%). However, no mutation or overexpression of p53 was found. No homozygous deletions of p15 or p16 were identified. The cell proliferative index ranged from 0 to 3%. LOH at 11q13 and 13q may be valuable in predicting the invasiveness of pituitary adenomas.

6
UI - 11913894
AU - Watts P; Westa C; Colpa L; MacKeen L; Abdolell M; Gallie B; Heon E
TI - Visual results in children treated for macular retinoblastoma.
SO - Eye 2002 Jan;16(1):75-80
AD - Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. patrickowatts@hotmail.com
PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of patching treatment in children with macular retinoblastoma in one eye. METHODS: Fifteen children affected by macular retinoblastoma received instructions for patching treatment for amblyopia. Data were collected on age at diagnosis of the tumor, presence of unilateral or bilateral disease, area of posterior pole involvement by the scar of the regressed tumor and its relationship to the fovea; and the onset, duration, and compliance of patching. The visual acuities recorded were expressed in logMAR (logarithm minimum angle of resolution) equivalents. RESULTS: Twelve children (80%) had bilateral retinoblastoma with the macular involved in one eye and three children had unilateral macular tumors. The median age at which patching was initiated was 15 months (range 4-36). Compliance to patching was good in 80% of children, with a median duration of 4 h (range 0.5-8) per day, 7 days per week, with total occlusion of the better eye. The median percentage of posterior pole involvement was 34% (range 11-100%). Eighty percent of children had some improvement in their visual acuity, and of the children in whom final logMAR acuity was recorded, 73% had an acuity of 1.0 logMAR or better and 53% an acuity of 0.5 logMAR or better after patching. There was no evidence of association between age of patient, sex, duration of patching, or percentage of posterior pole involvement and the improvement in visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the macular involvement of eyes with retinoblastoma, some visual recovery was achieved in 80% of children. Hence a trial of patching therapy is recommended for all children with involvement of the macula by retinoblastoma.

7
UI - 11920795
AU - Pandya J; Valverde K; Heon E; Blaser S; Gallie BL; Chan HS
TI - Predilection of retinoblastoma metastases for the mandible.
SO - Med Pediatr Oncol 2002 Apr;38(4):271-3
AD - Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8.

8
UI - 11920797
AU - Valverde K; Pandya J; Heon E; Goh TS; Gallie BL; Chan HS
TI - Retinoblastoma with central retinal artery thrombosis that mimics extraocular disease.
SO - Med Pediatr Oncol 2002 Apr;38(4):277-9
AD - Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8.

9
UI - 11920800
AU - Seber A; Antoneli CB; Spinola-Castro AM; Oyafuso MS
TI - Leydig cell tumor and mature teratoma: unusual non-ocular tumors associated with sexual pseudo-precocity six years after unilateral retinoblastoma.
SO - Med Pediatr Oncol 2002 Apr;38(4):285-7
AD - Pediatric Oncology Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Sao Paulo Federal University, Brazil.

10
UI - 11920804
AU - Hadjistilianou T; Mastrangelo D; Mazzotta C; De Francesco S; Capretti C;
TI - Lore C 13q deletion syndrome associated with retinoblastoma and clinical anophthalmos of the opposite eye.
SO - Med Pediatr Oncol 2002 Apr;38(4):293-4

The above citations and abstracts reflect those newly added to CANCERLIT for the month and topic listed in the title. The citations have been retrieved from CANCERLIT using a predefined search strategy of indexed subject terms. Although the search strategy has been refined as best as possible, citations may appear that are not directly related to the topic, and occasionally relevant references may be omitted.

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